Door lock



April 1l, 1944. w. s. slDELlNKER DOOR LOCK Filed Sept. 9 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 -www YN lm/Emil: MVM, f

Aprily 1l, 1944.

W. S; SIDE'LINKER Doon Loox Filed sept; 9, 1942 Y 3 .Sheets-Sheet 2 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 DOOR LOCK Filed Sept. 9, 1942 w. s. slDELlNKER April `11, 1944.

niz., mgm- H 1D. HQE. 65k

" INVENTOR.

Patented Apr. 11, 1944 UNITEDV STATES yPATENT OFFICE noon4 LOCK Wilson s. siaeiinker, Wilmington, Mass. Application September 9, 1942, Serial No. 457,694

(ci. zo- 299) 4 Claims.

-My invention relates to combination locks and it has for its object to improve the construction and operation of locks of the class referred to.

To these ends I have provided an improved` combination door lock having an operating spindle provided at its opposite ends with knobs or handles and by means of at least one of said handles, viz., the outside knob or handle, the spindle is rocked back and forth to rst adjust a set of tumblers to free the bolt or latch of the lock, and thereafter to retract said bolt or latch to unlock the door. i

In the best form of my invention I have also provided means accessible from the Vinner side of the door which is manually operable to retract the latch or bolt independently of the spindle and tumblers. Also, means vis providedfor restoring the tumblers to their normal bolt-locking positions when desired, said means being preferably operated by rocking movement of the spindle.

Other features of the invention are hereinafter pointed out. f i

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly 1n section, of a mortise door lock constructed in accordance with this invention, a portion of the casing being removed to expose the interior thereof.

Figure 2 is a partial section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Figure 3 shows the lock in section on line 3-3 of Fig. 1 and includes the adjacent portion of the door in which the lock is mounted.

Figure 4 is an elevation of the rocker member hereinafter described.

Figure 5 is a detail hereinafter described.

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the friction clutch bushing hereinafter described.

` Figure 7 shows the positionsof some of the parts of the lock mechanism preparatory to adjustment of the master slide or element which controls the tumbler adjusting pawls hereinafter referred to.

Figure 8 is a view similar to Fig. 7 but showing the positions of the parts after adjustment of the master slide or element.

Figure 9 is a plan view of the master slide or element.

Figures 10, 11 and 12 are, respectively, elevations of the tumbler slides I, 5 and 3, hereinafter referred to.

Figure 13 is a detail of the bolt-pushing element hereinafter referred to.

The illustrated embodiment yof my invention comprises'a box-like casing that is indicated generally at I0 (Fig. 1). said casing comprising a front wall II, a back wall I2, oppositely disposed side walls I3 and I4 (Fig. 2), a top wall I5 and a bottom wall I6. The front wall Il is provided with end extensions which are formed with screw holes for the reception of screws by means of which the lock is fastened to the door as shown in Fig.V 3, with the casing occupying la mortise formed in the door D. The side wall I3 (Figs. 2 and 3) is made as a removable plate heldin place by four screws whereof one is shown in Fig. 5.

Within the casing I Il there is provided a rocker member I1 (Figs. 1 and 4) that is spool-shaped and provided at its opposite ends with trunnions I8 which are rotatably mounted within apertures provided in the oppositely disposed side walls I3 and I4 of the casing. Within member II is provided a friction clutch bushing I9 (Figs. 6 and 7) which is split longitudinally as at 20 and whose interior is formed non-circular or square to receive within it a square spindle 2| whoseopposite end portions extend through apertures formed through the opposite side walls of the mortise cavity and are provided', with handles or knobs 22 and 23, the former being disposed upon the outside of thedoor (Fig. 3) and the latter upon the inside thereof. 4

At its one end the rocker II is made with a radial ange 24 which is circular except for a peripheral notch or recess which `provides a pair of opposed abutment shoulders 25 and 26 (Fig. 7), one at each end of said notch. Atits opposite end the rocker II is made with a radial flange 2l (Figs. 3 and 4) that is formed with an outwardly extending arm A28 that is indicated by broken lines in Figs. 17 and 8 but `shown by full lines in Figs.` 3 and 4. Between the flanges 24 and 2'I (Figs. 1 and 3) are three pawls 3a, 5a and 'Ia which are pivotally mounted loosely upon a short shaft 29 that is mounted at its opposite ends in the flanges 24 and 2'I. These pawls co-operate with the master slide or element 38 (Figsfl and 9) and the tumblers 'I, 5 and 3 (Figs. 3, 10, 11 an 12) as presently to be described. i

Between the flanges 24 and 21 of the rocker Il there is also provided an abutment bar 30`whose opposite ends areconnected with said flanges. This abutment bar co-operates with a hookv 3| whose shank is'pivotally connected with a lever 32 that is pivotally mounted at 33 upon the side wall I4 of the casing. The lowerend of this lever co-operates withV the master slide and tumblers to re-set the'same as presently to be described. Normally a spring 34 holds vlever 32 at the' limit of its movement in one `direction against a stop 35.

, bolt.

A leaf spring 36 is fastened at its one end to the side wall I4 of the casing with its free end bearing yieldingly against the periphery of flange 24 and in position to co-operate with the opposed shoulders 25 and 25 thereby to serve as a feeler guide to the person operating the spindle to free and retract the bolt 31 of the lock by means oi the handle or knob 22 upon the outside of the door D. The spindle 2| may be operated by means of either knob 22 or 23 to free and retract the bolt .31 but I preferably provide a iinger piece 33 upon the inside of the door D by means of which the bolt 31 may be retracted independently of the rest of the lock mechanism. As shown in Fig. 2 this linger pieoe'39 is a short bar provided at one end with a reduced portion which is threaded and screwed tightly into a threaded hole 40 provided adjacent to the inner end of the bolt 31 from which it extends through a slot 4I formed in side plate I3 to the exterior of the door upon the inside ofthe latter, the adjacent side wall of the mortise being also slotted as indicated by dotted lines at 42 in Fig. 3, and the-two slots 4I and 42 being in register and parallel 4with the longitudinal axis of bolt. 31.

The bolt 31 is normally. held in its projected door-locking position by a spring 44 whereof one end abuts the head of said Ibolt and the opposite end abuts a stud 45 projecting from the side wall I4 ofthe casing, shoulders provided upon said bolt adjacent to its head engaging the inner side of the front wall I I of the casing (Fig. 1) to limit the movement of the bolt underl the influence of the spring. l

Slidably mounted in position within the casing IU alongside the inner end of the bolt 31 is a bolt-pushing elementor member 45 (Figs. 1, 2 and 13) made with a laterally extending stud 41 occupying a longitudinal'slot 48 formed in said When the element .or member 45 is slid toward the right (Fig. 1) the stud 41 thereof abuts the end ofslot V48 and retracts the .bolt and when member 45 is released the spring 44 returns the bolt and member to .the `positions shown in Fig..1. 1 I

The pusher member 46 is normally locked at the limit of its movement toward stud 45 by a detent 49 and as will be clear .the bolt ifsjfree to be retracted independently of member 45 either by the usual strikerplate (not shown) when 'the door is closed, or by finger pressure on the stem or rod 39. Pusher member-4t` is made with a cam shoulder 50 (Fig. 1) which .normally occupies-a position behind a cam shoulder r51 Iprovidedupon the under side of detent 49whioh, in turn, is normally locked in this position; by the. tumblers 1, land 3. When detent 49,-isfr'eed through adjustmentA of the tumblers as vpresently to be described, pusher member `46 may then be shoved in a direction to retract the bolt by pressure imposed upon the stud 41 by'r the arm 28 of rocker i1,.as will be clear.

Pusher member 46 is made' at its inner end with a slot 52 (Figs. 2 and 13) in order to permit the finger .piece or stem 35 to be screwed into the threaded hole 40 from either side of the door and for the same reason the side. wall I4 of the casing is made with a slot 4I-a whichY is identical with, and directly opposite.. the .slot 4I. This read'justment of the finger piece :or stem 35 will reduire thatthe slot -42 (Fig. 3) be -fmade in the side wall of. the mortiseopposite to that in'which it is shown. Sometimes the outside and inside 'oi the doorl is the reverse of that shown in Fig. 3 in .whichfcase it :becomes necessary to shift the finger piece or stein as described so that it will be disposed upon the inside of the door. With the finger piece or stem arranged as shown in the drawings the slot 52 is not utilized, but when the finger piece or stem is inserted from the opposite side of the door it will loosely occupy said slot 52.

The three tumblers 1, 5 and 3 are slidably mounted within a trough 53 forming a rigid part Aof the casing, in positions to co-operate with the pawls 1a, 5a and 3a, respectively, and are slidably conned between the bottom wall of the trough and a top wall section 54 thereof. Longitudinal ribs provided upon the top side of the bottom wall of the trough act as separators which prevent the tumblers rubbing against each other A so that either can be adjusted endwise without `disturbing the others.

The bottom wall of the trough 53 is cut away to provide a passage or gate 55 for an upstanding wing or blade 56 provided ulpon the top side of detent 49 (Figs. 7 and 8) which is loosely pivoted upon a stud screw 51 projecting from the side wall I4 or" the casing. Thus, the detent 49 normally rests by gravity upon the pusher member with the top edge of blade 55 immediately below the bottom edges of the three tumblers 1,A

wall section 54 of trough 53 and is iitted into position between the opposite side walls of the latter by which it is guided in its movements. A ilat leaf spring 58 fastened to one end of trough 53. bears at all times against the top of master slide 38 and frictionally holds the latter in position Within the trough.

As shown in Fig. 9 the master slide 38 is made with three laterally and longitudinally ofi-set gateways 59, 5U and 6I, the gateway 59 permitting only pawl 1a to have access to its tumbler 1 when the master slide occupies position against, a stop 52 as in Fig. '1; the gateway 6I) permitting only pawl 5a to have access to its tumbler 5 when the master slide is adjusted one step movement toward the left from the position shown in Fig. '7, and the gateway 5I permitting only pawl 3a to have access to its tumbler 3 when the master slide is adjusted two step movements toward the left from the position shown in Fig. 7.

As shown in Figs. 1.0, 11 and 12 ther three tumblers 1, 5 and 3 are all of the same size and shape except for the position -of a notch 63 that is provided upon thev bottom side of each, andas shown each tumbler is provided upon its tQIJl with a rack of teeth, the teeth of all of the tumblers being alined transversely when `said tumblers occupy their normal positions against a stop wall 64 provided 4at .the innerrend .of trough 53, as shown in Fig. .1.

When the tumblers occupy their normal .positions against the stop wall 64 and master slide 38 is in engagement with its stop G2, the gateway 53 of the latter is in position to permit pawl 1a to act upon tumbler 1; the. notch 63 of turnbler 1 is seven teeth distant .from the gateway of trough 53; the noten sa of tumbler .f5 is five teeth distanotifrom said gateway 55, and notch 6370i tumbler -3 is three teeth distant from asians gateway 55. Now, by means of either knob 22 or 23 the rocker I1 (Fig. 1) is b-rought into the position shown where the abutment 26 of flange 24 is againstthe leaf spring 33 after which the rocker is turned in a clockwise direction to the limit of its movement in that direction. During this clockwise movement the cross-bar 30 (Fig. ,1) acts through hook 3I and lever 32 to restore the master slide and all of the tumblers to their normal innermost positions.: Rocker I1 is then turned contra-clockwise until shoulder 23 is brought into position against leaf spring 33 thus placing the parts in thepositions shown in Fig. 1, with pawl 1a resting on top of tumbler 1. Rocker I1i is now rocked back and forth seven times starting with movement in a clockwise direction and each rocking movement being limited by the stop shoulders 251and 2S of rocker flange 24. As will be clear, each clockwise rocking movement causes pawl 1a to shift tumbler 1 to the extent of onetcoth so that at the conclusion of the seven reciprocatcry movements of the rocker the notch 63 of said tumbler 1 is in register with the gateway 55 of trough 53. Next, the rocker I1 is ymoved contra-clockwise to an extent limited by the engagement of its arm 23 with stud 41 which at this time is held immovable by detent 49, this movement of the rocker bringing the three pawls into pcsitionupon the top of spring 58 and into position behind a transverse abutment rib 55 as shown in Fig. '7. The rocker is then turned in a clockwise direction to an eX- tent determined by the engagement of shoulder 25 `with leaf spring 33. Just before the completion ofv this movement the tails of all of the pawls engage the hub of the rocker as shown in Fig. 8 so that as the movement is completed the pawls are lifted out of engagement with the master slide 38. During the movement of the rocker from the position shown in Fig. 7 to the position shown in Fig. 8 the free ends of the pawls engage the abutment rib 65 of the master slide and shift the latter outwardly sufficiently to move the gateway 63 thereof (Fig. 9) into operative position between pawl a and tumbler 5l and gateway 59 out of its operative position between pawl 1a,` and tumbler 1.

After adjustment of the master slide 38 into the position shown in Fig. 8 the rocker I1 is' rotatively reciprccated five times thus causing the pawl 5a to adjust tumbler 5 outwardly' into a position where its notch 33,1egisters with the gateway 55 of 'troughr 53 and is alongside of the notch 63 of tumbler 1. As before, the last contra-clockwise movement of the rocker is eX tended beyond the engagement of shoulder with leaf spring 36 to bring all of the pawls into positions upon the top of spring 58 and arm 28 against stud 31. The rocker is then turned clockwise to an extent determined by the engagement of shoulder 25 with leaf spring 36 and during this movement the noses of the pawls slide off from spring 53 into position behind a second transverse abutment rib G1 provided upon the top side of the master slide through which said pawls act to adjust the latter outwardly so as to bring the gateway 6I of said slide into cooperative relationship with pawl 3a and tumbler 3. This last movement of the rocker is terminated when the shoulder 25 engages the leaf spring 36.

The rocker is now rotatively reciprocated back and forth from this position three times, starting with a contra-clockwise movement thereof and stopping with the shoulder 25 against leaf spring 33. `Thisirnparts three step movements to the tumbler 3 at the conclusion of which the notch 63 thereof (Fig. 12) is opposite gateway 55 and alined alongside the notches 63 of turn blers1and5. W f` In this way the detent 49 is freed from the control ofthe tumblers so that' if the rocker .I1 be now swung or turned contraclockwise to the limit of its movement in'that direction the arm 28 will act through the stud 41 to slide the pusher 43 (Fig. 8) -toward the right thus causing said stud to retract the bolt 31 against the pressure of spring 44 until a shoulder A68 on the pusher member engages a shoulder 69 on the casing. During `this movement of the pusher` membervl its cam surface 5i! acts against the cam surface 5| to swing detent 49 aside and the latter rides upwardly on to the topof said member, the wing or blade 55 of the detent being at this time free to rise into the notches 63 of the tumblers.'

Upon release of the rocker I1 the spring 44 returns bolt 31 and pusher member 46 to' their normal positions with camv 5I of the detent behind the cam 50 of the pushermember and with rocker arm 28 in the position indicated by broken lines in Fig. 7.

By rotatively adjusting the Vrocker clockwise from the'position indicated in Fig. 7 to the limit of its movement in that direction, the lever 32 (Fig. 1) may be operated to re-set the tumblers as above mentioned, so that if and when the door occupies its closed position it can be opened only by utilizing the combination 1-5-3 as above described or by means'of the finger-piece 3S (Figs. 1,2 and 3). While the rocker is being rotatively reciprocated toadjust each tumbler the nose of leaf spring 36 occupies a position between the two shoulders 25 and 26 and the resistance imposed upo'n the rocker by spring 36 when either shoulder is brought into engagement therewith is a signal to the ,operator to reverse or stop the movement of the rocker. From the above description it will be observed that the master slide 38 serves as a shield which prevents two of the three pawls from engaging their tumblers while the other pawl is in action and that through the step-by-step adjustment of the master slide as above described the pawls are successively thrown into action. It will also be clear that the order in which the pawls are thrown into action is immaterial so long as the combination is made appropriate. When the three pawls are utilized simultaneously to adjust the master slide as above described and are slid forwardly off from the spring y58 (Figs. 7 and 8), that pawl 5 or 3 that is being broughtinto action falls on to a small shelf 1U (Figi 9) so that all of the pawls are held out of engagement with their tumblers until the first step adjustment of the master slide is completed.

The outside diameter of the split friction clutch bushing I9 (Fig. 6) is slightly greater than the internal diameter of the barrel or hub of the rocker so that it is slightly contracted when installed within the rocker and provides a strong frictional connection between spindle 2I and the rocker. The purpose of this is to prevent injury to the lock mechanism through the application of great force to the outer end of the spindle as by means of a Wrench.

Herein gravity is depended upon to yieldingly urge the members 3|, 49, 1a, 5a and 3a toward their normal positions but it will be clear that this may be supplemented by springs if desired,

and when such be the oase the look may be mounted within the mortise in. a position upsidedown from that shown, if desired.` 'I 'his reversal of the lock may be resorted to when necessary to render the bevel upon the outer end of the bolt appropriate to the door to. which. the lool; is applied, but will not be necessary when the outer end of the bolt is not beveled as shown.

While the yrocker member is being rotativelv reciprooated to cause one o f the pewls to adjust its tumbler, and while the rocker member is being turned clockwise, the nose. of the pawl. is in en.- eeeement with one of the teeth of its tumbler and the latter is moved with the pawl until the tail 66 ofthe latter engages the barrel, or hub of the rockerv whereupon the nose of. the peWl .ls .lifted out of engagement with the tumbler. 1n this Way the pawl acts to move its tumbler one tooth for each reciprooetion or the rockerlt will be understood also,l that each. tumbler adjusting reciprooation of the rocher is mede within the limitsdetermined by the engagement of the abutf ment shoulders 25 and 26 with leef spring 3b; that when operating lever 32 to re-set. the blers and master slide f 38. the shoulder 25 is forced clockwise past the spring 36; that when Operating the rocker to place the pawls position to adjust the master .slide es in Fisg 7 the shoulder 2t `is forced contre-clockwise pest the spring 36 to bring the armz against the stud 41 of pusher 46 which is then locked. eseinst displacement by said arm, and that when operating the rocker to cause arm 28 to retract the bolt the contra-clockwise movement of arm 28 is continued beyond the position thereof indicated in Fig- 7 What I claim is; I l

1. A door look of the character described hav ing, in combination, a moi/ably supported bolt; a movably supported bolt.--retraotiner member; en adjustable detent for normally holding said bolt retraetine member egeinstmovement in e diree-y tion to retract said bolt; a set of movably 4sup-h ported tumblers for controlling said detent and normally .securing the same in its operative Position, each of said tumblers beine made with a rack of teeth; a bolt-operating spindle; e Plurality of pivoted pawls Carried by .Seid spindle, one for each tumbler; an apertured tumbler! shielding master member ediustably supported position to control the engagement of. said lh'twls with the racks of said tumblers, said member being adjusted by said pawls to cause the lat ter to successively engage rand successively ,adjust said tumblers when vsaid spindle `is rotetively reeiprocated in a predetermined .manner thereby to free said detent and ,said bolt-retract.- ing member; means through Wbiohsaid spindle acts, when recprocated in said predetermined manner, to operate said bolt-retracting member to retract said bolt after it has been treed, and

means through which said spindle acts, when req. oiprocated in said predetermined manner,u to ref,L store said tumblers and said master member to their normal positions` after said bolt retracting member and bolt have been operated.

2. In a door lock of the character described, the Combination with the slidably supported spring pressed latch bolt, of. a slidebly supported pusher member disposed alongside of seid bolt. end made with a laterally extending stud prof, jecting through a longitudinal slot formed in said boit and engageable with one end of said slot to retract said vbolt when the pusher men'lfA ber is slid in one. direction; an adjustable detent normally holding seid pusher member against bolt-retracting movement; adjustable tumblers for securing said detent in its normal position; a rotatably supported manually operated spindle; means through which said spindle acts to ade just said tumblers to free said detent when said spindle is rotatively reoiprocated in a predeter-4 mined manner, and an arm carried by said spin,- dle for engaging said stud thereby to impart a bolt-retracting movement to said pusher inem,-` bei' after said detent has been freed.

3. In a look of the character described the combination of claim 2 and wherein said spindle is provided with a handle that is disposed upon the outside of the door upon Which the lock is mounted and wherein said bolt is provided with a laterally extending linger-piee accessible from the inside of the door by means of which the bolt may be retracted independently.

4. A door loci; of the character described having, in combination, a movably supported bolt; a movably supported bolt-retracting member; an adjustable detent or keeper normally holding said bolt-retracting member against movement in a direction to retract said bolt; a set of movably supported tumblers controlling said detent or keeper and normally securing the same in its operative position; a spindle that is manually reciprocated rotatively, and mechanism through which said spindle acts When rotatlvely reciproe cated in a predetermined manner to rst suce cessively adjust said tumblers to free said de-l tent or keeper and said bolt-retracting member and thereafter operate said member to retract said bolt, each of said tumblers being `formed with a rack of teeth, and said mechanism in: cluding a plurality of pawls carried by said spindle, one for each tumbler, and an tipertured turn? bier-shielding master member adjustably supe. ported in position to control the engagement of said pawls With the teeth of said tumblers and which is adjusted by said pawls to throw the latter into action successively when the spindle is reciprocated in said predetermined man? ner.

WILSON S. SIDELINKER, 

